- Women usually have higher HDL than men because of estrogen; cholesterol also shifts across the menstrual cycle.
- For women: total <5.0 mmol/l, LDL <3.0 mmol/l, HDL >1.2 mmol/l (preferably >1.5).
- After menopause, falling estrogen often raises LDL and lowers HDL - even in women with lifelong good levels.
- Some mushroom extracts both lower LDL and raise HDL - a multi-pathway formula is preferable to single powders.
What are HDL and LDL cholesterol?
Very briefly, so we can understand the results: HDL ("good") cholesterol removes LDL ("bad") cholesterol. If there is too much LDL in the blood, it can begin to accumulate in the vessel walls. (This is a very simplified model.) So if HDL is too low, there will not be enough of it to remove the LDL accumulating in the vessels. This is why cholesterol and its norm for women (and men) indicate the likelihood of circulatory events.
Why does the cholesterol norm differ for women?

Women's HDL cholesterol levels are usually higher than men's because of the female sex hormone estrogen. According to the US National Institutes of Health, research shows that cholesterol levels in women vary with the phase of the menstrual cycle, as estrogen levels change.2 As estrogen rises, HDL cholesterol rises too, peaking at ovulation; meanwhile rising estrogen lowers LDL.
When women reach menopause, cholesterol levels change.3 During menopause, total and LDL cholesterol rise while HDL falls. For this reason, even women whose cholesterol was good for most of their lives may later have an elevated level. Pregnancy can also increase cholesterol production in the liver, but it usually returns to normal afterwards — and that is normal, since cholesterol is needed for the production of new cells.4
Cholesterol norm for women
HDL cholesterol norm for women: >1.2 mmol/L, though >1.5 mmol/L is preferable. LDL cholesterol norm for women: <3.0 mmol/L without comorbidities (atherosclerosis, diabetes and similar). With other conditions, see the full cholesterol norm table. Total cholesterol should be below 5.0 mmol/L (200 mg/dL).
Cholesterol can rise in women even because of hormones — how to lower it without side effects?
There are medicinal mushrooms that not only lower the bad cholesterol but also raise the good, restoring the cholesterol balance. These dried polysaccharide extracts are among the best cholesterol supplements. To achieve results it is important to use the highest-quality, strong and reliable products — a recommended precision formula for cholesterol control rather than simple powders.
Some mushroom extracts both lower LDL and raise HDL. A precision multi-pathway formula is preferable to simple powders.
AURI 25 by Zenius Labs™ →Total cholesterol should be below 5.0 mmol/l (200 mg/dl), LDL ("bad") below 3.0 mmol/l, and HDL ("good") above 1.2 mmol/l. These ranges are guidelines and vary with age and overall health.
During menopause estrogen — which previously helped maintain a favourable cholesterol balance — drops sharply. As a result LDL often rises and HDL falls, so even women with lifelong good cholesterol may later have elevated levels.
Women usually have higher HDL than men because of estrogen. Cholesterol also varies across the menstrual cycle: as estrogen rises, HDL rises (peaking at ovulation) and LDL falls.
Some medicinal mushrooms both lower LDL and raise HDL, restoring balance. A concentrated multi-extract formula such as AURI 25 by Zenius Labs™ is preferable to simple powders.
- Research reference — nih.gov. Nih
- Research reference — uscjournal.com. Uscjournal
- PMC6682969. PMC
- Yoon SJ et al. The nontoxic mushroom Auricularia auricula contains a polysaccharide with anticoagulant activity mediated by antithrombin. Thrombosis research. 2003. PubMed
- Bian C et al. A Novel Polysaccharide from AuriculariaAuricula Alleviates Thrombosis Induced by Carrageenan in Mice. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland). 2022. PubMed
- Shi Q et al. Isolation, Characterization, and Antioxidant Activity of Melanin from Auricularia auricula (Agaricomycetes). International journal of medicinal mushrooms. 2023. PubMed
- Yin CM et al. Physicochemical Properties and Antioxidant Activity of Natural Melanin Extracted from the Wild Wood Ear Mushroom, Auricularia auricula (Agaricomycetes). International journal of medicinal mushrooms. 2022. PubMed
- Liu X et al. Comprehensive utilization of edible mushroom Auricularia auricula waste residue-Extraction, physicochemical properties of melanin and its antioxidant activity. Food science & nutrition. 2019. PubMed
- González-Bonilla A et al. Dietary Supplementation with Oyster Culinary-Medicinal Mushroom, Pleurotus ostreatus (Agaricomycetes), Reduces Visceral Fat and Hyperlipidemia in Inhabitants of a Rural Community in Mexico. International journal of medicinal mushrooms. 2022. PubMed
- Abrams DI et al. Antihyperlipidemic effects of Pleurotus ostreatus (oyster mushrooms) in HIV-infected individuals taking antiretroviral therapy. BMC complementary and alternative medicine. 2011. PubMed
- Belobrajdic DP et al. β-Glucan content and in vitro bile-acid binding capacity of Agaricus bisporus and Pleurotus spp. Food & function. 2024. PubMed
- Maheshwari G et al. Characterization of the Nutritional Composition of a Biotechnologically Produced Oyster Mushroom and its Physiological Effects in Obese Zucker Rats. Molecular nutrition & food research. 2020. PubMed
- Sato M et al. Long-term intake of Tamogi-take mushroom (Pleurotus cornucopiae) mitigates age-related cardiovascular dysfunction and extends healthy life expectancy. npj aging. 2025. PubMed
- Gong J et al. Efficacy and safety of sugarcane policosanol on dyslipidemia: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Molecular nutrition & food research. 2018. PubMed
- Chen JT et al. Meta-analysis of natural therapies for hyperlipidemia: plant sterols and stanols versus policosanol. Pharmacotherapy. 2005. PubMed
- Millán J et al. Effects of a nutraceutical combination containing berberine (BRB), policosanol, and red yeast rice (RYR), on lipid profile in hypercholesterolemic patients: A meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Clinica e investigacion en arteriosclerosis : publicacion oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Arteriosclerosis. 2016. PubMed
- Singh DK et al. Policosanol inhibits cholesterol synthesis in hepatoma cells by activation of AMP-kinase. The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics. 2006. PubMed
- Castaño G et al. Comparison of the effects of policosanol and atorvastatin on lipid profile and platelet aggregation in patients with dyslipidaemia and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Clinical drug investigation. 2003. PubMed
- Xiong Z et al. An overview of the bioactivity of monacolin K / lovastatin. Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association. 2019. PubMed
- EFSA Panel on Nutrition, Novel Foods and Food Allergens (NDA) et al. Scientific Opinion on additional scientific data related to the safety of monacolins from red yeast rice submitted pursuant to Article 8(4) of Regulation (EC) No 1925/2006. EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority. 2025. PubMed
- Peng D et al. Original Research: The Effects of Red Yeast Rice Supplementation on Cholesterol Levels in Adults. The American journal of nursing. 2017. PubMed
- Gerards MC et al. Traditional Chinese lipid-lowering agent red yeast rice results in significant LDL reduction but safety is uncertain – a systematic review and meta-analysis. Atherosclerosis. 2015. PubMed
- Cicero AFG et al. Red Yeast Rice for the Improvement of Lipid Profiles in Mild-to-Moderate Hypercholesterolemia: A Narrative Review. Nutrients. 2023. PubMed
- Buzzelli L et al. Alternative lipid lowering strategies: State-of-the-art review of red yeast rice. Fitoterapia. 2024. PubMed
- Hermans MP et al. The antihyperlipidemic effect of a combined supplement of standardized dry extracts of amla (Emblica officinalis), walnut (Juglans regia), olive (Olea europaea) and red yeast rice (Monascus purpureus) powder: Reduction in circulatory low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) and remnant cholesterol (RC) levels in patients with hypercholesterolemia. Frontiers in pharmacology. 2023. PubMed
- Sun HJ et al. Deficiency of neutral cholesterol ester hydrolase 1 (NCEH1) impairs endothelial function in diet-induced diabetic mice. Cardiovascular diabetology. 2024. PubMed
- Park C et al. Disturbed flow induces reprogramming of endothelial cells to immune-like and foam cells under hypercholesterolaemia during atherogenesis. Cardiovascular research. 2025. PubMed
- Zhang S et al. Natural products: The role and mechanism in low-density lipoprotein oxidation and atherosclerosis. Phytotherapy research : PTR. 2021. PubMed
- Wang J et al. DBZ (Danshensu Bingpian Zhi), a Novel Natural Compound Derivative, Attenuates Atherosclerosis in Apolipoprotein E-Deficient Mice. Journal of the American Heart Association. 2017. PubMed